Ranking history updated: 2026-03-17 04:30 UTC

Lovro Zovko ATP Ranking History

Explore every available weekly ranking snapshot for Lovro Zovko, including age, ranking points, and links into the matching season tables.

Latest Rank
1,136
Latest date
Mar 16, 2009
Career high
151
Best year-end
159
Weeks at #1
0
Top 10 weeks
0
Top 100 weeks
0
Ranked Weeks
533

Ranking Chart

Weekly Rankings Table

Date Week Age Rank Points
2009 Mar 16 12 28.0 1,136 10
2009 Mar 9 11 28.0 1,136 10
2009 Mar 2 10 28.0 1,137 10
2009 Feb 23 9 27.9 768 40
2009 Feb 16 8 27.9 771 40
2009 Feb 9 7 27.9 772 40
2009 Feb 2 6 27.9 769 40
2009 Jan 26 5 27.9 641 64
2009 Jan 19 4 27.8 641 64
2009 Jan 12 3 27.8 641 64
2009 Jan 5 2 27.8 642 64
2009 Dec 29 1 27.8 508 52
2008 Dec 22 52 27.8 507 52
2008 Dec 15 51 27.7 506 52
2008 Dec 8 50 27.7 508 52
2008 Dec 1 49 27.7 508 52
2008 Nov 24 48 27.7 509 52
2008 Nov 17 47 27.7 512 52
2008 Nov 10 46 27.6 512 52
2008 Nov 3 45 27.6 516 52
2008 Oct 27 44 27.6 515 52
2008 Oct 20 43 27.6 517 52
2008 Oct 13 42 27.6 512 52
2008 Oct 6 41 27.6 509 52
2008 Sep 29 40 27.5 504 52
2008 Sep 22 39 27.5 502 52
2008 Sep 15 38 27.5 500 52
2008 Sep 8 37 27.5 503 52
2008 Sep 1 36 27.5 495 54
2008 Aug 25 35 27.4 495 54
2008 Aug 18 34 27.4 490 54
2008 Aug 11 33 27.4 484 54
2008 Aug 4 32 27.4 484 54
2008 Jul 28 31 27.4 489 54
2008 Jul 21 30 27.3 492 54
2008 Jul 14 29 27.3 487 54
2008 Jul 7 28 27.3 484 54
2008 Jun 30 27 27.3 481 54
2008 Jun 23 26 27.3 481 54
2008 Jun 16 25 27.2 486 54
2008 Jun 9 24 27.2 487 54
2008 Jun 2 23 27.2 490 54
2008 May 26 22 27.2 490 54
2008 May 19 21 27.2 487 54
2008 May 12 20 27.2 479 57
2008 May 5 19 27.1 481 57
2008 Apr 28 18 27.1 471 60
2008 Apr 21 17 27.1 466 60
2008 Apr 14 16 27.1 463 60
2008 Apr 7 15 27.1 452 63
2008 Mar 31 14 27.0 454 64
2008 Mar 24 13 27.0 454 64
2008 Mar 17 12 27.0 442 66
2008 Mar 10 11 27.0 442 66
2008 Mar 3 10 27.0 440 66
2008 Feb 25 9 26.9 509 51
2008 Feb 18 8 26.9 506 51
2008 Feb 11 7 26.9 504 51
2008 Feb 4 6 26.9 506 51
2008 Jan 28 5 26.9 561 39
2008 Jan 21 4 26.8 558 39
2008 Jan 14 3 26.8 558 39
2008 Jan 7 2 26.8 558 39
2008 Dec 31 1 26.8 759 19
2007 Dec 24 52 26.8 759 19
2007 Dec 17 51 26.7 757 19
2007 Dec 10 50 26.7 755 19
2007 Dec 3 49 26.7 754 19
2007 Nov 26 48 26.7 748 19
2007 Nov 19 47 26.7 742 19
2007 Nov 12 46 26.7 617 31
2007 Nov 5 45 26.6 617 31
2007 Oct 29 44 26.6 616 31
2007 Oct 22 43 26.6 614 31
2007 Oct 15 42 26.6 615 31
2007 Oct 8 41 26.6 614 31
2007 Oct 1 40 26.5 613 31
2007 Sep 24 39 26.5 619 31
2007 Sep 17 38 26.5 591 34
2007 Sep 10 37 26.5 587 34
2007 Sep 3 36 26.5 600 33
2007 Aug 27 35 26.4 600 33
2007 Aug 20 34 26.4 601 33
2007 Aug 13 33 26.4 600 33
2007 Aug 6 32 26.4 596 33
2007 Jul 30 31 26.4 597 33
2007 Jul 23 30 26.3 590 34
2007 Jul 16 29 26.3 526 46
2007 Jul 9 28 26.3 532 46
2007 Jul 2 27 26.3 533 46
2007 Jun 25 26 26.3 533 46
2007 Jun 18 25 26.3 532 46
2007 Jun 11 24 26.2 534 46
2007 Jun 4 23 26.2 536 46
2007 May 28 22 26.2 536 46
2007 May 21 21 26.2 535 46
2007 May 14 20 26.2 552 43
2007 May 7 19 26.1 555 43
2007 Apr 30 18 26.1 565 40
2007 Apr 23 17 26.1 571 40
2007 Apr 16 16 26.1 572 40
2007 Apr 9 15 26.1 586 37
2007 Apr 2 14 26.0 594 36
2007 Mar 26 13 26.0 596 36
2007 Mar 19 12 26.0 596 36
2007 Mar 12 11 26.0 654 29
2007 Mar 5 10 26.0 654 29
2007 Feb 26 9 25.9 657 29
2007 Feb 19 8 25.9 657 29
2007 Feb 12 7 25.9 660 29
2007 Feb 5 6 25.9 662 29
2007 Jan 29 5 25.9 660 29
2007 Jan 22 4 25.8 609 36
2007 Jan 15 3 25.8 609 36
2007 Jan 8 2 25.8 610 36
2007 Jan 1 1 25.8 608 36
2006 Dec 25 52 25.8 609 36
2006 Dec 18 51 25.8 609 36
2006 Dec 11 50 25.7 606 36
2006 Dec 4 49 25.7 603 36
2006 Nov 27 48 25.7 602 36
2006 Nov 20 47 25.7 604 36
2006 Nov 13 46 25.7 606 36
2006 Nov 6 45 25.6 559 43
2006 Oct 30 44 25.6 558 43
2006 Oct 23 43 25.6 558 43
2006 Oct 16 42 25.6 558 43
2006 Oct 9 41 25.6 557 43
2006 Oct 2 40 25.5 553 44
2006 Sep 25 39 25.5 550 44
2006 Sep 18 38 25.5 572 41
2006 Sep 11 37 25.5 569 41
2006 Sep 4 36 25.5 543 45
2006 Aug 28 35 25.4 543 45
2006 Aug 21 34 25.4 518 50
2006 Aug 14 33 25.4 454 62
2006 Aug 7 32 25.4 453 62
2006 Jul 31 31 25.4 449 63
2006 Jul 24 30 25.3 448 63
2006 Jul 17 29 25.3 497 51
2006 Jul 10 28 25.3 487 51
2006 Jul 3 27 25.3 491 52
2006 Jun 26 26 25.3 491 52
2006 Jun 19 25 25.3 483 52
2006 Jun 12 24 25.2 485 52
2006 Jun 5 23 25.2 487 52
2006 May 29 22 25.2 487 52
2006 May 22 21 25.2 481 52
2006 May 15 20 25.2 490 52
2006 May 8 19 25.1 492 52
2006 May 1 18 25.1 486 52
2006 Apr 24 17 25.1 481 52
2006 Apr 17 16 25.1 480 52
2006 Apr 10 15 25.1 476 52
2006 Apr 3 14 25.0 479 52
2006 Mar 27 13 25.0 472 52
2006 Mar 20 12 25.0 472 52
2006 Mar 13 11 25.0 463 53
2006 Mar 6 10 25.0 463 53
2006 Feb 27 9 24.9 461 53
2006 Feb 20 8 24.9 462 54
2006 Feb 13 7 24.9 460 55
2006 Feb 6 6 24.9 456 56
2006 Jan 30 5 24.9 450 57
2006 Jan 23 4 24.9 475 53
2006 Jan 16 3 24.8 475 53
2006 Jan 9 2 24.8 474 53
2006 Jan 2 1 24.8 476 53
2005 Dec 26 52 24.8 475 53
2005 Dec 19 51 24.8 475 53
2005 Dec 12 50 24.7 475 53
2005 Dec 5 49 24.7 451 58
2005 Nov 28 48 24.7 454 58
2005 Nov 21 47 24.7 449 59
2005 Nov 14 46 24.7 516 47
2005 Nov 7 45 24.6 491 51
2005 Oct 31 44 24.6 490 51
2005 Oct 24 43 24.6 487 51
2005 Oct 17 42 24.6 460 58
2005 Oct 10 41 24.6 458 59
2005 Oct 3 40 24.5 455 59
2005 Sep 26 39 24.5 457 59
2005 Sep 19 38 24.5 454 59
2005 Sep 12 37 24.5 457 59
2005 Sep 5 36 24.5 372 81
2005 Aug 29 35 24.4 372 81
2005 Aug 22 34 24.4 383 76
2005 Aug 15 33 24.4 428 64
2005 Aug 8 32 24.4 421 65
2005 Aug 1 31 24.4 427 64
2005 Jul 25 30 24.4 426 63
2005 Jul 18 29 24.3 407 68
2005 Jul 11 28 24.3 355 90
2005 Jul 4 27 24.3 356 90
2005 Jun 27 26 24.3 322 107
2005 Jun 20 25 24.3 322 107
2005 Jun 13 24 24.2 324 107
2005 Jun 6 23 24.2 322 107
2005 May 30 22 24.2 323 107
2005 May 23 21 24.2 323 107
2005 May 16 20 24.2 320 107
2005 May 9 19 24.1 324 107
2005 May 2 18 24.1 326 107
2005 Apr 25 17 24.1 324 107
2005 Apr 18 16 24.1 322 107
2005 Apr 11 15 24.1 320 107
2005 Apr 4 14 24.0 307 111
2005 Mar 28 13 24.0 310 111
2005 Mar 21 12 24.0 310 111
2005 Mar 14 11 24.0 314 111
2005 Mar 7 10 24.0 314 111
2005 Feb 28 9 24.0 283 132
2005 Feb 21 8 23.9 283 132
2005 Feb 14 7 23.9 283 132
2005 Feb 7 6 23.9 283 132
2005 Jan 31 5 23.9 280 132
2005 Jan 24 4 23.9 276 130
2005 Jan 17 3 23.8 276 130
2005 Jan 10 2 23.8 276 130
2005 Jan 3 1 23.8 280 130
2004 Dec 27 53 23.8 280 130
2004 Dec 20 52 23.8 280 130
2004 Dec 13 51 23.7 280 130
2004 Dec 6 50 23.7 286 126
2004 Nov 29 49 23.7 287 126
2004 Nov 22 48 23.7 282 125
2004 Nov 15 47 23.7 276 126
2004 Nov 8 46 23.6 290 115
2004 Nov 1 45 23.6 285 115
2004 Oct 25 44 23.6 287 115
2004 Oct 18 43 23.6 293 108
2004 Oct 11 42 23.6 295 107
2004 Oct 4 41 23.5 282 118
2004 Sep 27 40 23.5 281 119
2004 Sep 20 39 23.5 282 119
2004 Sep 13 38 23.5 282 119
2004 Sep 6 37 23.5 286 118
2004 Aug 30 36 23.5 286 118
2004 Aug 23 35 23.4 285 118
2004 Aug 16 34 23.4 282 118
2004 Aug 9 33 23.4 279 122
2004 Aug 2 32 23.4 271 122
2004 Jul 26 31 23.4 273 122
2004 Jul 19 30 23.3 267 127
2004 Jul 12 29 23.3 307 106
2004 Jul 5 28 23.3 296 110
2004 Jun 28 27 23.3 334 93
2004 Jun 21 26 23.3 334 93
2004 Jun 14 25 23.2 338 93
2004 Jun 7 24 23.2 341 93
2004 May 31 23 23.2 332 98
2004 May 24 22 23.2 332 98
2004 May 17 21 23.2 328 98
2004 May 10 20 23.1 326 98
2004 May 3 19 23.1 324 98
2004 Apr 26 18 23.1 315 102
2004 Apr 19 17 23.1 314 102
2004 Apr 12 16 23.1 321 102
2004 Apr 5 15 23.0 323 102
2004 Mar 29 14 23.0 315 102
2004 Mar 22 13 23.0 315 102
2004 Mar 15 12 23.0 315 102
2004 Mar 8 11 23.0 315 102
2004 Mar 1 10 23.0 367 81
2004 Feb 23 9 22.9 363 81
2004 Feb 16 8 22.9 370 81
2004 Feb 9 7 22.9 369 81
2004 Feb 2 6 22.9 372 81
2004 Jan 26 5 22.9 319 102
2004 Jan 19 4 22.8 319 102
2004 Jan 12 3 22.8 319 102
2004 Jan 5 2 22.8 320 102
2004 Dec 29 1 22.8 320 102
2003 Dec 22 52 22.8 320 102
2003 Dec 15 51 22.7 320 102
2003 Dec 8 50 22.7 321 102
2003 Dec 1 49 22.7 325 102
2003 Nov 24 48 22.7 325 102
2003 Nov 17 47 22.7 314 106
2003 Nov 10 46 22.6 250 140
2003 Nov 3 45 22.6 253 140
2003 Oct 27 44 22.6 254 140
2003 Oct 20 43 22.6 246 146
2003 Oct 13 42 22.6 242 146
2003 Oct 6 41 22.6 259 135
2003 Sep 29 40 22.5 254 135
2003 Sep 22 39 22.5 256 135
2003 Sep 15 38 22.5 255 135
2003 Sep 8 37 22.5 272 124
2003 Sep 1 36 22.5 227 153
2003 Aug 25 35 22.4 227 153
2003 Aug 18 34 22.4 224 153
2003 Aug 11 33 22.4 232 149
2003 Aug 4 32 22.4 230 149
2003 Jul 28 31 22.4 223 156
2003 Jul 21 30 22.3 203 177
2003 Jul 14 29 22.3 198 177
2003 Jul 7 28 22.3 203 173
2003 Jun 30 27 22.3 197 177
2003 Jun 23 26 22.3 197 177
2003 Jun 16 25 22.2 198 177
2003 Jun 9 24 22.2 201 177
2003 Jun 2 23 22.2 200 173
2003 May 26 22 22.2 200 173
2003 May 19 21 22.2 183 194
2003 May 12 20 22.1 171 207
2003 May 5 19 22.1 172 207
2003 Apr 28 18 22.1 177 203
2003 Apr 21 17 22.1 178 203
2003 Apr 14 16 22.1 172 206
2003 Apr 7 15 22.1 177 202
2003 Mar 31 14 22.0 178 202
2003 Mar 24 13 22.0 179 202
2003 Mar 17 12 22.0 179 202
2003 Mar 10 11 22.0 181 206
2003 Mar 3 10 22.0 180 206
2003 Feb 24 9 21.9 169 223
2003 Feb 17 8 21.9 156 240
2003 Feb 10 7 21.9 160 240
2003 Feb 3 6 21.9 153 251
2003 Jan 27 5 21.9 151 251
2003 Jan 20 4 21.8 163 230
2003 Jan 13 3 21.8 163 230
2003 Jan 6 2 21.8 163 230
2003 Dec 30 1 21.8 159 230
2002 Dec 23 52 21.8 159 230
2002 Dec 16 51 21.7 159 230
2002 Dec 9 50 21.7 159 230
2002 Dec 2 49 21.7 160 230
2002 Nov 25 48 21.7 162 230
2002 Nov 18 47 21.7 159 237
2002 Nov 11 46 21.7 179 203
2002 Nov 4 45 21.6 176 203
2002 Oct 28 44 21.6 173 209
2002 Oct 21 43 21.6 178 203
2002 Oct 14 42 21.6 170 220
2002 Oct 7 41 21.6 170 220
2002 Sep 30 40 21.5 168 220
2002 Sep 23 39 21.5 167 220
2002 Sep 16 38 21.5 160 232
2002 Sep 9 37 21.5 158 236
2002 Sep 2 36 21.5 179 206
2002 Aug 26 35 21.4 179 206
2002 Aug 19 34 21.4 181 206
2002 Aug 12 33 21.4 184 206
2002 Aug 5 32 21.4 178 206
2002 Jul 29 31 21.4 185 199
2002 Jul 22 30 21.3 205 173
2002 Jul 15 29 21.3 204 173
2002 Jul 8 28 21.3 200 177
2002 Jul 1 27 21.3 205 175
2002 Jun 24 26 21.3 205 175
2002 Jun 17 25 21.2 209 175
2002 Jun 10 24 21.2 209 175
2002 Jun 3 23 21.2 209 175
2002 May 27 22 21.2 209 175
2002 May 20 21 21.2 231 154
2002 May 13 20 21.2 236 146
2002 May 6 19 21.1 238 147
2002 Apr 29 18 21.1 241 147
2002 Apr 22 17 21.1 243 147
2002 Apr 15 16 21.1 249 144
2002 Apr 8 15 21.1 247 144
2002 Apr 1 14 21.0 248 144
2002 Mar 25 13 21.0 247 144
2002 Mar 18 12 21.0 247 144
2002 Mar 11 11 21.0 247 140
2002 Mar 4 10 21.0 248 140
2002 Feb 25 9 20.9 245 140
2002 Feb 18 8 20.9 248 140
2002 Feb 11 7 20.9 252 140
2002 Feb 4 6 20.9 263 129
2002 Jan 28 5 20.9 264 129
2002 Jan 21 4 20.8 270 129
2002 Jan 14 3 20.8 270 129
2002 Jan 7 2 20.8 271 129
2002 Dec 31 1 20.8 272 129
2001 Dec 24 52 20.8 272 129
2001 Dec 17 51 20.8 272 129
2001 Dec 10 50 20.7 273 129
2001 Dec 3 49 20.7 274 129
2001 Nov 26 48 20.7 272 129
2001 Nov 19 47 20.7 273 127
2001 Nov 12 46 20.7 275 127
2001 Nov 5 45 20.6 278 127
2001 Oct 29 44 20.6 287 121
2001 Oct 22 43 20.6 286 121
2001 Oct 15 42 20.6 310 104
2001 Oct 8 41 20.6 313 104
2001 Oct 1 40 20.5 311 104
2001 Sep 24 39 20.5 313 104
2001 Sep 17 38 20.5 335 92
2001 Sep 10 37 20.5 321 97
2001 Sep 3 36 20.5 336 89
2001 Aug 27 35 20.4 336 89
2001 Aug 20 34 20.4 333 89
2001 Aug 13 33 20.4 330 88
2001 Aug 6 32 20.4 334 88
2001 Jul 30 31 20.4 318 95
2001 Jul 23 30 20.3 327 90
2001 Jul 16 29 20.3 322 95
2001 Jul 9 28 20.3 328 90
2001 Jul 2 27 20.3 326 91
2001 Jun 25 26 20.3 326 91
2001 Jun 18 25 20.3 324 91
2001 Jun 11 24 20.2 326 91
2001 Jun 4 23 20.2 325 90
2001 May 28 22 20.2 325 90
2001 May 21 21 20.2 325 90
2001 May 14 20 20.2 340 85
2001 May 7 19 20.1 343 84
2001 Apr 30 18 20.1 340 84
2001 Apr 23 17 20.1 339 84
2001 Apr 16 16 20.1 341 84
2001 Apr 9 15 20.1 326 94
2001 Apr 2 14 20.0 321 94
2001 Mar 26 13 20.0 317 94
2001 Mar 19 12 20.0 317 94
2001 Mar 12 11 20.0 317 94
2001 Mar 5 10 20.0 319 94
2001 Feb 26 9 19.9 366 76
2001 Feb 19 8 19.9 387 64
2001 Feb 12 7 19.9 391 64
2001 Feb 5 6 19.9 395 64
2001 Jan 29 5 19.9 394 63
2001 Jan 22 4 19.8 394 63
2001 Jan 15 3 19.8 394 63
2001 Jan 8 2 19.8 394 63
2001 Jan 1 1 19.8 394 63
2000 Dec 25 52 19.8 394 63
2000 Dec 18 51 19.8 394 63
2000 Dec 11 50 19.7 392 63
2000 Dec 4 49 19.7 347 83
2000 Nov 27 48 19.7 335 89
2000 Nov 20 47 19.7 342 84
2000 Nov 13 46 19.7 342 84
2000 Nov 6 45 19.6 348 84
2000 Oct 30 44 19.6 350 84
2000 Oct 23 43 19.6 345 84
2000 Oct 16 42 19.6 348 84
2000 Oct 9 41 19.6 347 84
2000 Oct 2 40 19.5 341 84
2000 Sep 25 39 19.5 338 84
2000 Sep 18 38 19.5 338 84
2000 Sep 11 37 19.5 341 84
2000 Sep 4 36 19.5 353 80
2000 Aug 28 35 19.4 353 80
2000 Aug 21 34 19.4 351 80
2000 Aug 14 33 19.4 348 80
2000 Aug 7 32 19.4 332 87
2000 Jul 31 31 19.4 347 80
2000 Jul 24 30 19.4 344 81
2000 Jul 17 29 19.3 348 76
2000 Jul 10 28 19.3 344 76
2000 Jul 3 27 19.3 369 72
2000 Jun 26 26 19.3 369 72
2000 Jun 19 25 19.3 365 72
2000 Jun 12 24 19.2 359 73
2000 Jun 5 23 19.2 369 73
2000 May 29 22 19.2 369 73
2000 May 22 21 19.2 362 73
2000 May 15 20 19.2 368 71
2000 May 8 19 19.1 368 70
2000 May 1 18 19.1 373 70
2000 Apr 24 17 19.1 362 74
2000 Apr 17 16 19.1 363 74
2000 Apr 10 15 19.1 395 64
2000 Apr 3 14 19.0 400 64
2000 Mar 27 13 19.0 392 69
2000 Mar 20 12 19.0 392 69
2000 Mar 13 11 19.0 390 69
2000 Mar 6 10 19.0 388 69
2000 Feb 28 9 18.9 370 75
2000 Feb 21 8 18.9 388 69
2000 Feb 14 7 18.9 384 69
2000 Feb 7 6 18.9 385 69
2000 Jan 31 5 18.9 390 69
2000 Jan 24 4 18.9 391 68
2000 Jan 17 3 18.8 391 68
2000 Jan 10 2 18.8 390 69
2000 Jan 3 1 18.8 387 86
1999 Dec 27 52 18.8 387 86
1999 Dec 20 51 18.8 387 86
1999 Dec 13 50 18.7 387 86
1999 Dec 6 49 18.7 461 61
1999 Nov 29 48 18.7 487 53
1999 Nov 22 47 18.7 532 45
1999 Nov 15 46 18.7 527 45
1999 Nov 8 45 18.6 524 45
1999 Nov 1 44 18.6 521 45
1999 Oct 25 43 18.6 517 45
1999 Oct 18 42 18.6 515 45
1999 Oct 11 41 18.6 514 45
1999 Oct 4 40 18.5 523 45
1999 Sep 27 39 18.5 531 45
1999 Sep 20 38 18.5 529 45
1999 Sep 13 37 18.5 605 32
1999 Sep 6 36 18.5 598 33
1999 Aug 30 35 18.5 598 33
1999 Aug 23 34 18.4 525 45
1999 Aug 16 33 18.4 530 45
1999 Aug 9 32 18.4 578 35
1999 Aug 2 31 18.4 582 35
1999 Jul 26 30 18.4 584 34
1999 Jul 19 29 18.3 582 34
1999 Jul 12 28 18.3 554 40
1999 Jul 5 27 18.3 552 40
1999 Jun 28 26 18.3 550 40
1999 Jun 21 25 18.3 550 40
1999 Jun 14 24 18.2 551 39
1999 Jun 7 23 18.2 550 39
1999 May 31 22 18.2 527 43
1999 May 24 21 18.2 527 43
1999 May 17 20 18.2 521 43
1999 May 10 19 18.1 520 43
1999 May 3 18 18.1 513 43
1999 Apr 26 17 18.1 543 38
1999 Apr 19 16 18.1 540 38
1999 Apr 12 15 18.1 542 38
1999 Apr 5 14 18.0 541 38
1999 Mar 29 13 18.0 586 32
1999 Mar 22 12 18.0 584 32
1999 Mar 15 11 18.0 584 32
1999 Mar 8 10 18.0 582 32
1999 Mar 1 9 18.0 643 24
1999 Feb 22 8 17.9 642 24
1999 Feb 15 7 17.9 643 24
1999 Feb 8 6 17.9 647 24
1999 Feb 1 5 17.9 647 24
1999 Jan 25 4 17.9 648 24
1999 Jan 18 3 17.8 648 24
1999 Jan 11 2 17.8 657 23
1999 Jan 4 1 17.8 662 23