Leaderboard data updated: 2026-08-23 19:29 UTC

Highest Serve+ — Active ATP Players Since 1990

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About this leaderboard

This ATP Serve+ leaderboard ranks estimated percentage points won on serve above expectation after opponent and era adjustment. Historical values are best-effort because not every source provides point denominators. Active view ranks players currently treated as active using their selected-era record. The Sample column shows how many matches contributed. Related columns compare rating, point, and scoreline-dominance metrics in player-page order.

# Player Years Sample Peak Elo P+ Serve+ Return+ PD TPW% Set Win% Set Margin
1 Novak Djokovic 2004–2026 1,323 2,593 180.7 +5.47 +6.82 1.370 55.3% 76.2% +1.89
2 Jannik Sinner 2019–2026 427 2,418 174.2 +4.99 +5.29 1.340 54.4% 74.4% +1.66
3 Reilly Opelka 2015–2026 242 1,972 150.2 +4.78 -5.18 0.952 49.6% 51.5% +0.03
4 Nick Kyrgios 2012–2026 303 2,133 167.1 +4.74 -0.73 1.102 51.4% 61.2% +0.67
5 Matteo Berrettini 2017–2026 322 2,130 157.0 +4.56 -0.61 1.132 51.6% 60.5% +0.58
6 Stefanos Tsitsipas 2016–2026 544 2,230 167.7 +4.54 +1.02 1.153 52.2% 61.1% +0.82
7 Ben Shelton 2021–2026 227 2,040 157.3 +4.46 -1.67 1.069 51.0% 58.2% +0.41
8 Alexander Zverev 2011–2026 741 2,260 170.3 +4.00 +3.03 1.207 52.7% 66.0% +1.01
9 Giovanni Mpetshi Perricard 2020–2026 99 1,850 137.6 +3.86 -5.98 0.893 48.9% 45.0%
10 Hubert Hurkacz 2017–2026 365 2,055 160.7 +3.80 -0.15 1.097 51.3% 57.2% +0.52
11 Carlos Alcaraz 2019–2026 344 2,406 173.9 +3.79 +6.60 1.307 54.3% 73.9% +1.67
12 Taylor Fritz 2014–2026 545 2,106 160.9 +3.75 +0.71 1.140 51.9% 58.6% +0.60
13 Jack Draper 2018–2026 173 2,145 162.0 +3.55 +2.97 1.206 52.8% 63.9% +1.07
14 Maxime Cressy 2019–2024 101 1,848 134.1 +3.30 -3.28 0.974 49.6% 44.7% -0.13
15 Felix Auger-Aliassime 2016–2026 444 2,097 161.0 +3.27 +0.99 1.128 51.7% 58.2% +0.55
16 Marin Cilic 2005–2026 909 2,199 164.7 +3.06 +1.77 1.132 51.9% 59.1% +0.64
17 Grigor Dimitrov 2008–2026 780 2,170 167.1 +2.87 +1.80 1.121 51.7% 57.9% +0.54
18 Daniil Medvedev 2013–2026 607 2,279 170.5 +2.85 +4.36 1.207 53.1% 65.6% +1.12
19 Brandon Nakashima 2018–2026 271 1,951 150.7 +2.67 -0.34 1.083 51.2% 54.1% +0.37
20 Andrey Rublev 2013–2026 585 2,175 163.8 +2.54 +2.56 1.145 52.0% 59.3% +0.65
21 Stan Wawrinka 2003–2026 925 2,264 167.2 +2.53 +1.39 1.086 51.3% 57.9% +0.51
22 Casper Ruud 2016–2026 443 2,127 159.9 +2.52 +1.78 1.124 52.1% 60.4% +0.80
23 Tallon Griekspoor 2016–2026 240 1,977 148.9 +2.44 -1.88 0.969 49.6% 50.0% -0.11
24 Nicolas Jarry 2013–2026 224 1,946 142.3 +2.29 -1.89 0.997 49.9% 48.3% -0.10
25 Jiri Lehecka 2021–2026 220 2,025 155.0 +2.22 -0.25 1.027 50.4% 55.2% +0.23
26 Richard Gasquet 2002–2025 988 2,167 162.1 +2.19 +1.99 1.110 51.6% 57.9% +0.60
27 Karen Khachanov 2013–2026 542 2,096 161.5 +2.12 +1.25 1.084 51.2% 55.9% +0.39
28 Arthur Rinderknech 2018–2026 231 1,906 143.6 +1.99 -2.31 0.976 49.6% 46.9% -0.13
29 Denis Shapovalov 2016–2026 420 1,988 160.2 +1.89 +0.54 1.056 50.8% 52.6% +0.29
30 Arthur Fils 2021–2026 167 2,088 155.9 +1.86 +1.58 1.080 51.4% 58.5% +0.57
31 Ugo Humbert 2017–2026 336 2,038 152.9 +1.80 +0.19 1.056 50.9% 53.7% +0.36
32 Quentin Halys 2013–2026 166 1,835 138.5 +1.77 -1.88 0.973 49.5% 44.2% -0.19
33 Sebastian Korda 2018–2026 251 2,059 158.8 +1.65 +1.99 1.099 51.4% 58.0% +0.60
34 Lorenzo Sonego 2016–2026 356 1,927 147.6 +1.62 -1.18 1.000 50.0% 48.2% -0.04
35 Holger Rune 2020–2026 266 2,098 158.8 +1.60 +1.27 1.068 51.2% 60.1% +0.56
36 Vasek Pospisil 2008–2025 281 1,957 149.6 +1.59 -1.59 0.965 49.5% 44.0% -0.25
37 Lloyd Harris 2017–2026 142 1,944 141.3 +1.45 -1.83 0.950 48.9% 45.5% -0.29
38 Thanasi Kokkinakis 2013–2026 163 1,873 148.0 +1.45 -1.31 0.966 49.4% 46.0% -0.25
39 Thiago Agustin Tirante 2021–2026 61 1,841 127.3 +1.43 -0.40 1.039 50.3%
40 Tommy Paul 2007–2026 379 2,046 155.6 +1.39 +2.61 1.111 51.7% 57.7% +0.60
41 Kyle Edmund 2012–2023 230 2,001 155.3 +1.34 +0.46 1.027 50.4% 50.3% +0.11
42 Christopher Eubanks 2012–2025 110 1,927 128.0 +1.23 -3.28 0.902 48.7% 41.8% -0.51
43 Gael Monfils 2004–2026 916 2,168 163.2 +1.14 +1.97 1.077 51.2% 60.4% +0.65
44 Joao Fonseca 2023–2026 83 1,950 147.1 +1.13 +1.22 1.043 50.6% 55.3%
45 Alexei Popyrin 2017–2026 262 1,953 146.7 +1.12 -1.42 0.957 49.2% 45.4% -0.35
46 Frances Tiafoe 2014–2026 473 2,015 155.0 +1.11 +0.31 1.026 50.4% 54.1% +0.17
47 Borna Coric 2013–2026 385 2,047 158.0 +1.04 +0.08 1.015 50.1% 50.5% +0.07
48 Gabriel Diallo 2022–2026 94 1,874 138.1 +1.02 -1.06 0.968 49.7% 47.3%
49 Roberto Bautista Agut 2007–2026 696 2,104 160.4 +0.97 +2.88 1.109 51.7% 56.5% +0.54
50 Kei Nishikori 2007–2026 643 2,275 168.3 +0.96 +3.18 1.086 51.3% 60.7% +0.65
51 Alex de Minaur 2016–2026 468 2,122 162.9 +0.95 +4.33 1.146 52.2% 59.8% +0.70
52 Jakub Mensik 2022–2026 130 1,987 151.0 +0.94 +0.87 1.038 50.7% 60.8% +0.55
53 Marc-Andrea Huesler 2017–2026 72 1,775 126.0 +0.83 -2.27 0.952 49.1%
54 Jan-Lennard Struff 2009–2026 488 2,000 149.7 +0.82 -0.04 1.005 50.0% 47.1% -0.12
55 Alejandro Tabilo 2019–2026 165 1,874 140.2 +0.81 +0.31 1.020 50.3% 50.1% +0.12
56 Terence Atmane 2023–2026 65 1,756 134.4 +0.79 -1.07 0.940 49.4%
57 Roman Safiullin 2017–2026 129 1,930 144.5 +0.73 +0.61 1.033 50.4% 47.5% +0.03
58 Oscar Otte 2017–2024 78 1,853 132.8 +0.72 -0.21 0.992 50.0% 44.9%
59 Alexander Bublik 2014–2026 378 2,065 147.6 +0.71 -0.63 0.975 49.7% 51.3% -0.06
60 Hamad Medjedovic 2021–2026 86 1,822 134.0 +0.66 -0.52 0.991 49.8% 48.6%
61 Thiago Monteiro 2011–2026 200 1,779 133.1 +0.63 -2.19 0.966 49.5% 43.5% -0.28
62 Aleksandar Kovacevic 2021–2026 116 1,718 129.7 +0.58 -3.27 0.887 48.3% 38.8% -0.54
63 Lorenzo Musetti 2019–2026 307 2,094 157.6 +0.57 +2.32 1.067 51.0% 56.3% +0.37
64 Pierre-Hugues Herbert 2008–2026 241 1,935 138.7 +0.55 -1.49 0.941 49.2% 45.1% -0.30
65 Jiri Vesely 2012–2024 286 1,922 143.2 +0.52 -1.23 0.973 49.5% 47.6% -0.09
66 Pablo Carreno Busta 2010–2026 511 2,068 158.2 +0.51 +1.50 1.049 50.8% 54.6% +0.34
67 Tomas Martin Etcheverry 2020–2026 223 1,887 144.1 +0.45 +0.18 1.013 50.0% 47.8% -0.09
68 Cameron Norrie 2013–2026 426 2,071 155.3 +0.42 +1.74 1.047 50.9% 54.6% +0.38
69 Bernard Tomic 2008–2026 352 1,972 147.4 +0.34 -1.81 0.920 48.9% 49.9% -0.15
70 Aslan Karatsev 2012–2025 164 1,985 141.9 +0.33 +0.52 1.004 50.1% 50.2% +0.04
71 Zhizhen Zhang 2012–2026 131 1,832 132.9 +0.25 -1.58 0.935 48.9% 45.2% -0.33
72 Emil Ruusuvuori 2019–2026 194 1,889 148.1 +0.20 +1.83 1.055 50.8% 48.8% +0.06
73 Lucas Pouille 2013–2025 266 2,034 150.5 +0.18 -0.14 0.961 49.6% 49.4% -0.11
74 Fabian Marozsan 2023–2026 152 1,868 146.7 +0.13 +0.49 1.004 50.1% 49.9% 0.00
75 Miomir Kecmanovic 2017–2026 361 1,942 149.6 +0.13 +0.69 1.024 50.2% 49.0% -0.01
76 Benjamin Bonzi 2017–2026 146 1,808 137.8 +0.12 -0.33 0.977 49.6% 46.7% -0.11
77 Arthur Cazaux 2020–2026 61 1,778 131.9 +0.09 -1.46 0.936 49.4%
78 Ilya Ivashka 2016–2026 159 1,954 141.4 +0.09 +0.87 1.026 50.2% 49.0% +0.02
79 Tomas Machac 2020–2026 135 1,996 150.6 +0.03 +0.78 0.985 50.0% 54.6% +0.17
80 Gianluca Mager 2015–2025 59 1,724 128.5 +0.01 -2.14 0.922 48.7%
81 Nuno Borges 2021–2026 185 1,854 144.9 +0.01 -0.09 0.983 49.6% 47.4% -0.25
82 James Duckworth 2010–2026 209 1,800 134.6 0.00 -1.79 0.904 48.6% 41.5% -0.47
83 Juncheng Shang 2021–2026 84 1,911 137.9 0.00 -0.43 0.977 49.4% 50.7%
84 Marcos Giron 2011–2026 295 1,914 143.5 -0.01 -0.29 0.966 49.3% 47.1% -0.22
85 Jordan Thompson 2013–2026 319 1,944 146.0 -0.04 -0.43 0.972 49.4% 47.1% -0.23
86 Yannick Hanfmann 2010–2026 207 1,863 136.0 -0.07 +0.16 0.993 49.5% 45.9% -0.20
87 Jesper de Jong 2020–2026 58 1,766 129.4 -0.10 +0.12 0.928 48.8%
88 Kamil Majchrzak 2017–2026 104 1,822 135.7 -0.12 +0.11 0.976 49.7% 45.9% -0.14
89 Sebastian Ofner 2016–2026 120 1,822 130.3 -0.14 -1.33 0.923 48.8% 42.5% -0.56
90 Daniel Evans 2007–2026 297 1,926 148.9 -0.20 +1.10 1.004 50.0% 48.2% -0.10
91 Luciano Darderi 2020–2026 157 1,852 139.0 -0.24 +0.13 0.997 50.1% 51.2% +0.08
92 Laslo Djere 2013–2026 313 1,861 142.3 -0.31 +0.07 0.983 49.6% 47.9% -0.12
93 Alex Michelsen 2023–2026 166 1,878 146.1 -0.34 +1.24 1.018 50.3% 52.7% +0.16
94 Juan Ignacio Londero 2011–2022 83 1,812 130.1 -0.37 -0.34 0.976 49.4% 43.9%
95 Egor Gerasimov 2012–2024 96 1,818 132.8 -0.38 -0.46 0.954 49.3% 44.9%
96 Christopher O'Connell 2015–2026 162 1,820 140.1 -0.44 -1.49 0.913 48.6% 42.3% -0.51
97 Aleksandar Vukic 2016–2026 152 1,799 131.6 -0.49 -2.22 0.912 48.6% 42.3% -0.52
98 Kenny De Schepper 2011–2019 87 1,741 125.1 -0.49 -3.52 0.841 47.6% 33.9%
99 Max Purcell 2017–2024 80 1,755 126.6 -0.49 -1.68 0.899 48.2% 41.5%
100 Zizou Bergs 2016–2026 127 1,833 136.0 -0.49 +0.74 0.995 49.8% 46.7% -0.19
101 Francisco Comesana 2022–2026 71 1,746 131.8 -0.50 -0.88 0.946 48.9%
102 David Goffin 2010–2026 584 2,098 159.2 -0.56 +2.98 1.052 50.8% 52.8% +0.22
103 Ernesto Escobedo 2014–2024 59 1,764 125.8 -0.61 -2.31 0.886 48.3%
104 J.J. Wolf 2017–2026 99 1,849 138.0 -0.62 -0.49 0.925 48.6% 47.5%
105 Mattia Bellucci 2023–2026 68 1,809 130.6 -0.63 -1.21 0.923 48.7%
106 Marton Fucsovics 2010–2026 340 2,001 147.5 -0.67 +1.97 1.025 50.4% 49.7% +0.08
107 Hyeon Chung 2013–2023 138 2,022 153.8 -0.68 +2.68 1.035 50.4% 50.1% +0.12
108 Soonwoo Kwon 2016–2026 120 1,847 141.4 -0.72 +0.05 0.966 49.3% 46.2% -0.22
109 Jason Kubler 2010–2026 57 1,780 123.6 -0.73 -1.21 0.908 48.3%
110 Thiago Seyboth Wild 2018–2026 88 1,767 129.5 -0.74 -1.13 0.931 49.0% 43.9%
111 Yibing Wu 2017–2026 66 1,814 139.5 -0.77 -1.14 0.921 48.9%
112 Gregoire Barrere 2014–2025 102 1,807 126.5 -0.79 -0.89 0.912 48.3% 39.5% -0.62
113 Mackenzie McDonald 2013–2026 258 1,869 144.4 -0.79 +0.45 0.975 49.4% 46.3% -0.24
114 Maximilian Marterer 2011–2025 113 1,812 126.9 -0.79 -2.52 0.856 47.5% 36.4% -0.94
115 Alex Bolt 2012–2026 52 1,726 118.1 -0.83 -1.00 0.887 48.0%
116 Ethan Quinn 2022–2026 65 1,771 128.0 -0.87 -0.81 0.940 48.9%
117 Cristian Garin 2013–2026 233 1,942 140.6 -0.93 +1.33 0.995 49.7% 50.8% 0.00
118 Marco Cecchinato 2012–2026 205 1,903 133.6 -0.98 -1.69 0.887 48.1% 39.6% -0.75
119 Alejandro Davidovich Fokina 2017–2026 329 1,974 153.4 -0.99 +2.60 1.023 50.5% 53.8% +0.21
120 Botic van de Zandschulp 2017–2026 238 1,932 148.2 -0.99 +1.86 1.001 49.9% 48.5% -0.11
121 Ricardas Berankis 2008–2023 248 1,831 139.3 -1.02 -0.43 0.944 49.0% 42.7% -0.51
122 Adam Walton 2023–2026 69 1,701 130.0 -1.04 -0.93 0.911 48.6%
123 Adrian Mannarino 2006–2026 689 1,962 146.9 -1.07 +0.41 0.962 49.2% 45.9% -0.27
124 Francisco Cerundolo 2019–2026 275 1,964 152.2 -1.07 +3.29 1.049 50.9% 54.3% +0.39
125 Alex Molcan 2021–2026 104 1,856 139.3 -1.10 +0.72 0.992 49.8% 51.1% +0.05
126 Stefano Travaglia 2013–2026 85 1,805 128.7 -1.11 -0.90 0.912 48.6% 38.6%
127 Norbert Gombos 2011–2026 68 1,795 126.1 -1.12 -1.20 0.892 48.0%
128 Flavio Cobolli 2020–2026 174 1,977 142.4 -1.14 +0.88 0.971 49.7% 52.4% -0.06
129 Albert Ramos-Vinolas 2007–2025 602 1,967 149.1 -1.18 +0.66 0.971 49.4% 45.5% -0.21
130 Jenson Brooksby 2018–2026 144 1,964 148.7 -1.18 +1.89 1.013 50.1% 51.0% -0.01
131 Matteo Arnaldi 2022–2026 147 1,905 146.3 -1.22 +0.67 0.958 49.4% 49.0% -0.17
132 Learner Tien 2022–2026 99 1,949 147.7 -1.26 +1.85 0.981 49.8% 52.1%
133 Dusan Lajovic 2009–2026 449 1,900 144.4 -1.31 -0.06 0.943 49.0% 44.5% -0.33
134 Jaume Munar 2015–2026 294 1,888 143.3 -1.33 +1.83 1.015 50.2% 46.7% -0.10
135 Liam Broady 2009–2026 51 1,734 118.0 -1.36 -0.44 0.876 48.0%
136 Pavel Kotov 2020–2025 81 1,816 129.3 -1.36 -0.46 0.915 48.6% 43.3%
137 Evgeny Donskoy 2007–2023 161 1,793 130.2 -1.37 -1.94 0.857 47.4% 36.6% -0.93
138 Michael Mmoh 2015–2026 77 1,775 129.6 -1.39 -0.42 0.910 48.3% 44.1%
139 Marco Trungelliti 2009–2026 61 1,712 116.3 -1.50 -0.32 0.898 48.2%
140 Dominik Koepfer 2017–2025 125 1,816 138.5 -1.59 +0.49 0.933 48.7% 43.8% -0.51
141 Dennis Novak 2011–2024 58 1,738 125.8 -1.61 -1.36 0.852 47.1%
142 Martin Klizan 2007–2025 271 1,979 146.0 -1.62 +0.43 0.952 49.2% 47.5% -0.18
143 Daniel Altmaier 2017–2026 206 1,749 136.8 -1.68 -1.33 0.878 47.9% 40.2% -0.70
144 Illya Marchenko 2007–2024 131 1,806 126.2 -1.72 -0.47 0.932 48.8% 40.5% -0.57
145 Pedro Cachin 2015–2024 71 1,744 128.9 -1.73 -1.06 0.910 48.2%
146 Facundo Diaz Acosta 2019–2026 55 1,688 127.4 -1.77 +0.48 0.961 49.3%
147 Facundo Bagnis 2010–2025 132 1,760 127.0 -1.78 -0.94 0.894 48.0% 38.2% -0.75
148 Jozef Kovalik 2013–2025 72 1,758 121.5 -1.80 -0.69 0.889 47.9%
149 Denis Kudla 2009–2024 201 1,834 131.7 -1.89 -1.10 0.880 47.7% 37.7% -0.87
150 Daniel Elahi Galan 2013–2026 117 1,759 124.6 -1.93 -0.86 0.906 48.4% 41.5% -0.60
151 Juan Pablo Varillas 2020–2025 61 1,748 127.7 -1.96 -0.24 0.938 48.8%
152 Roberto Carballes Baena 2012–2026 293 1,797 138.2 -2.00 +0.80 0.966 49.3% 44.2% -0.41
153 Elias Ymer 2012–2026 97 1,696 122.5 -2.01 -0.84 0.881 47.7% 34.3%
154 Gastao Elias 2006–2025 69 1,738 120.7 -2.02 -0.23 0.902 47.9%
155 Andrej Martin 2010–2025 52 1,692 118.6 -2.05 +0.65 0.945 48.7%
156 Teymuraz Gabashvili 2004–2021 299 1,838 133.8 -2.15 -1.28 0.889 47.9% 39.9% -0.74
157 Yoshihito Nishioka 2013–2026 287 1,928 146.8 -2.19 +0.24 0.910 48.3% 45.4% -0.48
158 Mikhail Kukushkin 2007–2026 360 1,907 141.1 -2.21 -0.11 0.910 48.3% 43.2% -0.45
159 Luca Nardi 2020–2026 60 1,669 128.2 -2.22 -0.76 0.840 47.0%
160 Tatsuma Ito 2007–2022 84 1,726 119.8 -2.33 -0.67 0.856 47.0% 35.4%
161 Benoit Paire 2008–2025 532 1,950 150.0 -2.39 +0.90 0.945 48.9% 46.6% -0.31
162 Juan Manuel Cerundolo 2020–2026 87 1,772 127.4 -2.46 +0.01 0.904 48.1% 44.5%
163 Vit Kopriva 2021–2026 71 1,762 126.2 -2.51 +1.14 0.945 48.9%
164 Alexandre Muller 2017–2026 130 1,816 136.2 -2.55 +0.08 0.898 48.1% 41.8% -0.70
165 Radu Albot 2010–2025 227 1,896 133.6 -2.56 +0.39 0.917 48.4% 41.3% -0.61
166 Diego Schwartzman 2011–2025 448 2,061 157.9 -2.57 +4.47 1.035 50.5% 52.9% +0.23
167 Nikoloz Basilashvili 2010–2026 328 1,952 141.2 -2.57 +0.30 0.901 48.2% 45.9% -0.46
168 Aleksandr Shevchenko 2022–2026 134 1,776 135.3 -2.58 -0.56 0.886 47.9% 43.5% -0.67
169 Hugo Dellien 2014–2026 89 1,761 126.2 -2.59 -0.55 0.860 47.3% 32.6%
170 Sebastian Baez 2021–2026 243 1,897 144.8 -2.61 +2.23 0.989 49.8% 49.6% -0.05
171 Taro Daniel 2014–2026 227 1,815 134.1 -2.67 -0.57 0.873 47.7% 38.4% -0.84
172 Corentin Moutet 2014–2026 231 1,886 141.1 -2.73 +1.49 0.939 48.7% 44.7% -0.48
173 Luca Van Assche 2021–2026 68 1,680 125.8 -2.75 -0.09 0.903 48.1%
174 Salvatore Caruso 2014–2023 63 1,750 125.5 -2.76 -0.49 0.852 46.9%
175 Cedrik-Marcel Stebe 2009–2023 78 1,755 127.9 -2.77 +0.16 0.871 47.4%
176 Mikael Ymer 2014–2025 131 1,861 139.6 -2.87 +2.19 0.950 49.0% 44.9% -0.28
177 Mariano Navone 2023–2026 119 1,817 141.2 -2.98 +3.70 1.023 50.3% 48.7% +0.09
178 Renzo Olivo 2011–2024 55 1,696 113.0 -2.98 -0.86 0.882 47.4%
179 Rinky Hijikata 2019–2026 115 1,770 132.2 -3.06 -0.35 0.880 47.8% 40.1% -0.81
180 Pedro Martinez 2015–2026 210 1,845 132.8 -3.31 +0.42 0.902 48.2% 41.4% -0.65
181 Camilo Ugo Carabelli 2021–2026 90 1,720 128.8 -3.34 -0.55 0.867 47.5% 40.1%
182 Hugo Gaston 2018–2026 129 1,765 128.2 -3.42 +0.48 0.886 48.0% 38.6% -0.95
183 Damir Dzumhur 2011–2026 305 1,951 138.8 -3.50 +1.59 0.937 48.7% 44.5% -0.48
184 Federico Coria 2017–2026 130 1,714 128.7 -3.59 +0.88 0.927 48.4% 40.1% -0.71
185 Constant Lestienne 2013–2025 61 1,730 123.5 -4.03 +0.02 0.835 46.9%
186 Bernabe Zapata Miralles 2015–2026 98 1,808 128.3 -4.73 +0.78 0.860 47.1% 38.5%